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http://geekhistory.com/content/
Wed, 10 Jun 2026 18:22:12 +0000FeedCreator 1.8http://geekhistory.com/content/_media/wiki:dokuwiki.svgGeek History
http://geekhistory.com/content/
search-greatest-inventors-and-technology-innovators
http://geekhistory.com/content/search-greatest-inventors-and-technology-innovators
<table><tr><th colspan="2" width="50%">2026/06/09 23:44</th><th colspan="2" width="50%">current</th></tr><tr><td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 58:</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-lineheader"> </td><td class="diff-context">That is exactly what innovation is all about, pick the right set of existing ideas and combine them in a new way that works better than before.</td><td class="diff-lineheader"> </td><td class="diff-context">That is exactly what innovation is all about, pick the right set of existing ideas and combine them in a new way that works better than before.</td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-lineheader"> </td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader"> </td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">Video link</strong>> {{ youtube>Q__UOpWw03k | Visionaries, Inventors, Innovators, and Industrialists.  }}</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"><strong class="diff-mark">**Who Really Invented It? Visionaries, Inventors, Innovators, and Industrialists.</strong>><strong class="diff-mark">** </strong></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"><strong class="diff-mark"> </strong>{{ youtube>Q__UOpWw03k | Visionaries, Inventors, Innovators, and Industrialists.  }}</td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-lineheader"> </td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader"> </td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-lineheader"> </td><td class="diff-context">**My perspective of the story teller**</td><td class="diff-lineheader"> </td><td class="diff-context">**My perspective of the story teller**</td></tr>
</table>cynic@undisclosed.example.com (cynic)Tue, 09 Jun 2026 23:45:53 +0000gary-kildall-bio
http://geekhistory.com/content/gary-kildall-bio
<table><tr><th colspan="2" width="50%">2026/06/09 21:45</th><th colspan="2" width="50%">current</th></tr><tr><td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 1:</td>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">====== The Forgotten Genius of Gary Kildall ======</td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-lineheader"> </td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader"> </td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">{{:kildall_49.jpg}}</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">**Gary Kildall is the forgotten geek should be remembered for creating the first programming language and first compiler specifically for microprocessors and the first microprocessor disk operating system.**</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">The mythology tells the story of Gary Kildall as a man who could have been the next Bill Gates, that was screwed over by IBM, cheated by Microsoft, and died in a fight in a biker bar. </td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Gary Kildall is one of the founders of the personal computer industry, but you probably don’t know his name. Usually when someone talks about DOS referring to the microcomputer Disk Operating System they are usually talking about Microsoft DOS.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Many geek history websites will tell you about Microsoft DOS being created in 1980, they often overlook CP/M developed in 1974 by Gary Kildall.  In fact, it makes me angry that the work of Gary Kildall is very often not mentioned in the history of desktop computer operating systems.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">I recently stumbled upon some videos from the mid 1980s and watched Gary Kildall explaining CP/M. Those 1980s videos brought back memories as I remembered the first desktop computers, I worked on used CP/M (Control Program for Microcomputers).</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Gary Kildall's name doesn't get mentioned much, neither does CP/M, but they are a very important chapter in desktop computer history. Now that I have Kindall's story on my mind and have some old videos to using for creating some geek history snippets, I have more to follow up with in the weeks ahead. For today, I just getting started on telling the story of another often-forgotten geek, Gary Kildall.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">**Gary Kildall BIO**  </td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Gary Kildall grew up in Seattle, Washington, the son of a Norwegian‑heritage sea captain who ran a seamanship school. Maybe that’s where Gary got his love of adventure—because he spent his life chasing the things that made him feel alive: flying, sports cars, racing, boating, and anything that involved motion and risk. He loved the sea, but he also loved the sky.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">He earned a bachelor’s in mathematics in 1967 and a master’s in computer science in 1968, both from the University of Washington. When the Vietnam War draft came calling, he fulfilled his obligation by teaching at the Naval Postgraduate School in Monterey, California. Afterward, he returned to UW and completed his doctorate in computer science in 1972.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">**Then came the moment that should have made him a household name.**</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">In 1974, in Pacific Grove, California, Gary Kildall demonstrated the first working prototype of CP/M—the operating system that would dominate early microcomputers. And he didn’t stop there. He also created the BIOS, the Basic Input/Output System, the little piece of magic that lets a computer talk to its disk drives. That concept first appeared in CP/M in 1975, and yes, variations of it still exist in modern PCs. Gary wasn’t just ahead of the curve—he drew the curve.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">**Digital Research is born**</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">In 1976, Gary and his wife Dorothy founded a company with a name only a true geek could love: Intergalactic Digital Research. Eventually they shortened it to Digital Research, Inc., but the spirit stayed the same. They marketed CP/M through hobbyist magazines, and for a while, CP/M was the operating system for microcomputers.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">**The IBM meeting that became mythology**</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">In 1980, IBM approached Digital Research to license CP/M‑86 for their new IBM PC. Gary did what he often did—he left the initial business negotiations to Dorothy while he and colleague Tom Rolander flew Gary’s private plane to deliver software to a client.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">IBM insisted Dorothy sign a non‑disclosure agreement before even explaining why they were there. Dorothy refused without Gary’s approval. When Gary returned later that day, he tried to resume the conversation, but from here the story splinters into competing versions—depending on whether you’re hearing it from IBM, Microsoft, or someone who just likes a good myth.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">What we do know is this: IBM walked away frustrated, Microsoft stepped in, and the world got MS‑DOS.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">**DRI vs. IBM and Microsoft**</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">When Gary later saw an early copy of MS‑DOS, he was furious at the similarities to CP/M. At a meeting with IBM, he agreed not to sue for copyright infringement if IBM would market his version alongside theirs.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">IBM agreed—sort of.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">What they didn’t tell him was that PC‑DOS would sell for $40, while CP/M‑86 would sell for $240. A six‑to‑one price difference. A rigged game. A “let the market decide” setup where the market had already been told which answer was correct.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">In a 1995 episode of Computer Chronicles, Tom Rolander recalled how stunned they were when they learned about the pricing. They had no idea IBM planned to stack the deck that heavily.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Gary believed IBM intentionally priced CP/M‑86 out of the market to marginalize Digital Research. And honestly, looking at the numbers, it’s hard to argue with him.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">This was the moment that changed him. The moment the creative technologist became a frustrated businessman. The moment the drinking began. His colleagues said the IBM experience haunted him. He spent years being asked, “Are you the guy who blew off IBM to go flying?”—a myth he never escaped.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">In later years, he grew increasingly bitter about being overshadowed by Microsoft. And the alcoholism worsened.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">**Gary and Dorothy</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">**</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Gary and Dorothy were partners in every sense at the beginning—co‑founders, collaborators, a team. But the years that followed were not kind. By 1983, they separated and later divorced. Dorothy’s role in the early success of Digital Research is undeniable, yet history rarely mentions her.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">The ultimate insult</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">In 1992, the University of Washington held a 25th‑anniversary event for its computer science program. Gary, one of its most distinguished graduates, was invited—not to speak, but to sit in the audience. The keynote speaker? Bill Gates. A Harvard dropout who had never attended UW but had donated money.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Gary took it as the insult it was.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">**The death of a pioneer**</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">On July 8, 1994, at age 52, Gary Kildall sustained a head injury at the Franklin Street Bar & Grill, a biker bar in Monterey, California. The exact circumstances remain unclear. The autopsy found evidence of chronic alcoholism. Early reports considered the possibility of homicide. The coroner noted the injury may have resulted from foul play. Police investigated but never reached a definitive conclusion.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Gary was cremated, and his remains were buried in Evergreen Washelli Memorial Park in north Seattle.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">**The final battle**</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">The last chapter of Digital Research vs. Microsoft played out after Gary’s death.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Years earlier, Gary had offered to sell Digital Research to Bill Gates for $26 million. Gates told him the company was worth no more than $10 million.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">In 1991, Gary sold Digital Research to Novell for $120 million.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Five years later, in 1996, Caldera acquired the Digital Research assets from Novell and immediately filed an antitrust lawsuit against Microsoft—one of the few times the score was even partially settled.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Gary never wanted to file suit against Microsoft because he always believed that in the end excellence in programming would win in the marketplace.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Gary wasn't alive to see it, the final battle of Digital Research versus Microsoft was a victory for Digital Research.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">**Closing thoughts**</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">The article announcing Kildall's death in the Seattle times, Kildall's home town, was titled "A Career Spent In Gates' Shadow"   </td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Writing this script renewed my appreciation of Gary Kildall, as a forgotten geek that deserves to be remember for his many accomplishments.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Writing this script also reminded me of the ruthless nature of Bill Gates. </td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Written in the months before his death in 1994, Kildall's privately circulated memoir contains the following, "I have grown up in the industry with Gates. He is divisive. He is manipulative. He is a user. He has taken much from me and the industry."</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">I wrote this script from perspective of telling the story of Gary Kildall without getting too deep into the geek speak and buzzwords of the personal computer industry.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Kildall had a very kind heart and never sued Microsoft or IBM for cheating him. Instead, he went on to host the show Computer Chronicles and later on died a mysterious death in a biker’s bar, where he sustained multiple head injuries.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Gary Kildall, was one of the founders of the personal computer industry, but you probably don’t know his name.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Gary viewed computers as learning tools rather than profit engines. </td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">He laid the ground work from which all personal computers evolved.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">#geek #history #operatingsystems  #technology #innovation #inspiration #whatinspiresme</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">----</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">https://www.digitalresearch.biz/DR/Info/f_lw-01-vcontrol_4.html</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">https://archive.seattletimes.com/archive/19940714/1920286/a-career-spent-in-gates-shadow----computer-pioneer-dies-at-52</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">https://archive.seattletimes.com/archive/19940716/1920582/computer-pioneers-death-probed----kildall-called-possible-victim-of-homicide</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">https://dfarq.homeip.net/gary-kildalls-death-investigation/</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">https://www.digitalresearch.biz/index.htm</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">https://archive.org/details/Operatin1984</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">https://computerhistory.org/blog/in-his-own-words-gary-kildall/</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">http://www.digitalresearch.biz/CPM.HTM</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">https://computerhistory.org/press-releases/kildall-memoirs-release/</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">https://computerhistory.org/blog/in-his-own-words-gary-kildall/</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">----</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">#9 The Forgotten Genius of Gary Kildall</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">The Legacy of Forgotten Genius Gary Kildall</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Gary Kildall should have been one of the most famous names in computer history. Instead, he became a footnote. Gary Kildall was overshadowed by IBM, erased by Microsoft, and buried under decades of mythology.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">This video tells the real story of Gary Kildall:</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">the creator of CP/M, inventor of the BIOS, co‑founder of Digital Research, and one of the true architects of the personal computer revolution.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">He wasn’t the reckless guy who “blew off IBM to go flying.”</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">He wasn’t the myth.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">He was a brilliant, adventurous, easygoing technologist whose work shaped the desktop computers we still use today.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">From the IBM negotiations to the MS‑DOS takeover, from the price‑rigging that crushed CP/M to the personal toll it took on him, this is the story of a pioneer who deserved better—and deserves to be remembered.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">#GaryKildall #TechHistory #CPM #DigitalResearch #forgottengeeks </td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">#geekhistory #crankycynic </td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">https://youtu.be/HH7lPXiU2SY </td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Titles Fortnote Sabe Game 8</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">See the complete</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">video on YouTube</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">@CrankyCynic</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">https://youtu.be/HH7lPXiU2SY</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Learn about Gary Kildall. It's a Shakespearean tragedy set in the early 1980s.  </td></tr>
</table>cynic@undisclosed.example.com (cynic)Tue, 09 Jun 2026 21:46:24 +0000kildall_49.jpg - created
http://geekhistory.com/content/?image=kildall_49.jpg&ns=0&do=media
<table><tr><th width="50%"></th><th width="50%">current</th></tr><tr><td align="center"></td><td align="center"></td></tr></table>cynic@undisclosed.example.com (cynic)Tue, 09 Jun 2026 21:44:47 +0000ibm-the-story-people-believed
http://geekhistory.com/content/ibm-the-story-people-believed
<table><tr><th colspan="2" width="50%">2026/04/20 21:22</th><th colspan="2" width="50%">current</th></tr><tr><td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 1:</td>
<td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 1:</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">====== IBM: The Story People Believed ======</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"> </td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"> </td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">**The trilogy is complete.**</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">IBM didn’t just shape tech history — it shaped the myths we still repeat.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">From Xerox… to Microsoft… to the quote they never said.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">If you missed any part of the series, here’s the full arc:</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">📼 Episode 1: The Company That Invented Xerox  </td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">👉 {{ youtube>zqevYVG3ph0 |The Company That Invented Xerox}}  </td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">----</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">📼 Episode 2: The Company That Made Microsoft  </td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">👉 {{ youtube>dyA0cpbuU6k |IBM: The Company That Made Microsoft}}</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">----</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">📼 Episode 3: The Fake “Five Computers” Quote That Fit the Story Too Well  </td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"> </td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Did IBM Chairman Thomas Watson really say, “I think there is a world market for maybe five computers”? An internet search turns up dozens of sites, Microsoft, PBS, even computing history museums confidently repeating the line and pinning it on Watson in 1943.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">In this video, we walk through the real history behind the quote, from wartime IBM under Thomas J. Watson Sr. to a 1953 stockholders’ meeting with Thomas J. Watson Jr. and the IBM 701. Using IBM’s own FAQ and historical documents, we trace how a realistic sales forecast for five machines morphed into one of tech’s most beloved urban legends.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">If there’s no speech, no article, no recording, and IBM itself debunks it… why do we still believe it?</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">In this episode:</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">The myth of the “five computers” quote</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">How IBM’s 1953 stockholder remarks got twisted</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Why Wikipedia, forums, and even big-name sites keep the legend alive</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">What this says about how the internet doesn’t just document history, it rewrites it</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Dig deeper. Trust less. In a world with billions of devices, maybe the real growth market isn’t computers, it’s debunking the stories we tell about them.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">👉 {{ youtube>Kbtr88NL9GQ |IBM: The Fake ‘Five Computers’ Quote That Fit the Story Too Well}}</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">----</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Three chapters.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">One company.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">A whole lot of accidental legend‑building.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Sometimes the myth is more powerful than the truth.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-lineheader"> </td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader"> </td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr>
</table>cynic@undisclosed.example.com (cynic)Mon, 20 Apr 2026 21:24:32 +0000urban-legend-i-think-there-world-market-maybe-five-computers
http://geekhistory.com/content/urban-legend-i-think-there-world-market-maybe-five-computers
<table><tr><th colspan="2" width="50%">2026/04/20 21:13</th><th colspan="2" width="50%">current</th></tr><tr><td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 1:</td>
<td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 1:</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">====== Urban legend: I think there is a world market for maybe five computers ====== </td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">{{ :ibm_electronic_data_processing_machine.jpg?400|}}</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">An internet search of the phrase "I think there is a world market for maybe five computers"  will produce dozens of websites claiming those were the words of IBM Chairman Thomas Watson.  </td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">As a kid growing up before the age of the internet, I relied on encyclopedias and almanacs to learn about inventors and inventions. As an adult teaching people how to use the internet I hung on many internet forums looking to learn more and dig deeper. At times what I found shocked me.  </td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">The internet does as much to create history, as it does to document history.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">The quote is often listed as one of the biggest epic fail statements of all times. We searched the net trying to find the source of the quote, and the verification that the statement was made by IBM Chairman Thomas Watson.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Many websites often have the date 1943 attached to the quote, as was the case of a slide we found on the Microsoft website, and as it is presented on a page for the PBS television show Nova. Even a UK website for The Centre for Computing History has the quote listed as: "I think there is a world market for maybe five computers." - Thomas Watson, chairman of IBM, 1943</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">For all the dozens of websites that list the quote attributed to IBM Chairman Thomas Watson, none of the websites have any information on the primary source or circumstances of the quote.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">I've seen various websites come up with explanations of the quote. When I checked Wikipedia, they had their own spin on the origin of the quote. When I first posted this page here on GeekHistory I used a source from IBM to debunk the myth. If you are looking for the origin of something allegedly said by an IBM chairman, why not start at IBM.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Searching IBM websites and online IBM documents turned up an IBM FAQ history document that directly addresses the mythology of the quote. The IBM document poses the question, "Did Thomas Watson say in the 1950s that he foresaw a market potential for only five </td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">electronic computers?"</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">IBM offers the following explanation:</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">//"We believe the statement that you attribute to Thomas Watson is a misunderstanding of remarks made at IBM’s annual stockholders meeting on April 28, 1953. In referring specifically and only to the IBM 701 Electronic Data Processing Machine -- which had been introduced the year before as the company’s first production computer designed for scientific calculations -- Thomas Watson, Jr., told stockholders that “IBM had developed a paper plan for such a machine and took this paper plan across the country to some 20 concerns that we thought could use such a machine. I would like to tell you that the machine rents for between $12,000 and $18,000 a month, so it was not the type of thing that could be sold from place to place. But, as a result of our trip, on which we expected to get orders for five machines, we came home with orders for 18.”//</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Could the phrase, "we expected to get orders for five machines" from the 1953 stockholders meeting morph into the now infamous phrase, "I think there is a world market for maybe five computers." </td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">**IBM quote debunked**</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">There is so much on the internet based on myths and legends. Some people question how much of the internet is a place that documents history, and how much of the internet is a place that writes and recreates history.  When "famous quotes" such as "I think there is a world market for maybe five computers"  get repeated over and over, it becomes accepted as fact, even if no one can cite the original source.  After all, if you can find the quote attributed to IBM Chairman Thomas Watson on the Microsoft and PBS website, it must be true!</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Thomas Watson was one of the richest men of his time, a leading self-made businessmen and often called one of the world's greatest salesmen. If there was a time and place where Watson made the statement, "I think there is a world market for maybe five computers," it would be logical to assume there would be some record of it.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Considering the lack of primary sources for the quote, no speeches, articles, or recordings from 1943, there's no reason not to believe IBM's official FAQ debunking it as a misunderstanding. </td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Perhaps those who still believe IBM Chairman Thomas Watson made the statement in 1943 will point to some vast conspiracy or cover up.  Without a credible source of when the alleged quote was made we can only conclude it is an urban legend, not a factual statement.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">**A bit of IBM history**</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">To clarify the roles of Thomas J. Watson Sr. and Thomas J. Watson Jr. in the context of the famous "maybe five computers" quote and the surrounding IBM history, here's a clear breakdown. The myth often gets pinned on the wrong person, usually Thomas J. Watson Sr. in 1943, while the real context ties to Thomas J. Watson Jr. around 1953.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">In 1943, Thomas J. Watson Sr. was firmly in charge as CEO. IBM was deeply involved in wartime production for the U.S. military and allies, focusing on electromechanical tabulators, scales, and time clocks, not electronic computers. There is no evidence exists of Watson Sr. making any statement about the market for computers in 1943, or any year. </td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">In 1953, at IBM's annual stockholders' meeting on April 28, 1953, Watson Jr., as president, discussed the IBM 701, their first commercial scientific computer, announced publicly in 1952. Watson Jr. described pitching a paper plan for the machine to about 20 potential customers. IBM expected maybe 5 orders but secured 18. The machine rented for $12,000 to $18,000 per month, super huge money then, aimed at massive, specialized uses like atomic research or military simulations.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">So the 'five computers' line? It's not a wild underestimate from Watson Sr., it's a mangled version of Watson Jr's realistic sales forecast for one big, room-sized machine in the early computer dawn."</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">**Why It Matters Today**</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">The quote endures because it's a perfect anecdote for tech talks, books, and TED-style presentations about innovation's unpredictability. Myths persist and they make good anecdotes for stories about entrepreneurs.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Dig deeper, trust less, in a world with billions of devices, the real market is for debunking Urban legends.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">----</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">{{ youtube>Kbtr88NL9GQ |IBM: The Fake ‘Five Computers’ Quote That Fit the Story Too Well}}</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">----</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">**IBM: The Story People Believed | The trilogy is complete.**</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">**[[IBM-The-Story-People-Believed | IBM: The Story People Believed ]]**</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="diff-lineheader"> </td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader"> </td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr>
</table>cynic@undisclosed.example.com (cynic)Mon, 20 Apr 2026 21:13:54 +0000learn-from-edison
http://geekhistory.com/content/learn-from-edison
<table><tr><th colspan="2" width="50%">2026/03/31 18:41</th><th colspan="2" width="50%">current</th></tr><tr><td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 1:</td>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">====== There's a lot to learn from Thomas Edison ======</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">He was a systems thinker and a project manager. Edison took the image of an inventor as one man tinkering alone in a shop and turned it into an industry. He did not just have a laboratory at Menlo Park, NJ, he created an invention factory.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">They say Edison's invention factory at Menlo Park was like a giant frat house. I'm sure a bunch of men experimenting in a lab together could be fun at times, but given his drive to succeed, I wouldn't want to get on his bad side. Like many driven geeks, he lived at his office where he had his cot to take his power naps between shifts.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">As much as we can learn from Edison on his creation of an invention factory, there's also a dark side to Edison that showed a compulsive workaholic obsessed with success at all costs. There are several versions of the story surrounding the death of his first wife, Mary Edison. Many books say that Mary died of typhoid, her death certificate states that she died of "congestion of the brain." One popular story tells that Mary Edison died of a morphine overdose as a result of complications from her third pregnancy. Complications from pregnancy, as well as use of morphine as a pain killer, were not uncommon in the 1880s. Even though Edison's lab was only a few miles from his home, it is told that it took him three weeks to visit his home when he received word that his wife was ill. Mary Edison died at the age of 29.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">The very dark side of Edison and his drive to succeed at all costs was illustrated in the "War of Currents." Edison was promoting DC (direct current), as the primary method to carry electricity to homes. George Westinghouse was promoting AC (alternating current), as the primary method to carry electricity to homes. An electrical engineer named Harold Brown became the front man for a campaign by Edison to smear and discredit Westinghouse. Stories are told of how Brown paid local children to collect stray dogs off the street that he used for experiments showing the dangers of alternating current. Despite publicly denouncing capital punishment, Edison secretly financed the alternating current electric chair developed by Brown. Edison launched a media campaign telling the world AC was deadly, using the word "Westinghoused" to describe an execution by electrocution.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Edison was alive during a time of many great inventions. His battles with Tesla and Westinghouse in the War of Currents was one of many areas where he was very competitive with the other geeks of his day. There are many other stories I could tell, but the stories about his relationship with his first wife, and the many associated stories surrounding the War of Currents illustrate a common theme in Edison's life, a compulsive workaholic obsessed with success at all costs.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">The many movies about Steve Jobs of Apple released in recent years show many similarities to Edison, a brilliant man with a mind for innovation, improving existing ideas to develop new products. A man who knew how to take control of the media spotlight when he had the opportunity. A man with a dark side that was driven to success at all costs.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Thomas Alva Edison prolific inventor and legendary lunatic</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">https://geekhistory.com/content/thomas-alva-edison-prolific-inventor-and-legendary-lunatic</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">You don't need to be a genius to know why Thomas Edison was popular</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">https://geekhistory.com/content/you-dont-need-be-genius-know-why-thomas-edison-was-popular</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-lineheader"> </td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader"> </td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr>
</table>cynic@undisclosed.example.com (cynic)Tue, 31 Mar 2026 18:47:09 +0000top-ten-list
http://geekhistory.com/content/top-ten-list
<table><tr><th colspan="2" width="50%">2026/03/31 18:27</th><th colspan="2" width="50%">current</th></tr><tr><td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 1:</td>
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</tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">====== Top Ten List ======</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">[[urban-legend-i-think-there-world-market-maybe-five-computers| Urban Legend World Market Maybe Five Computers]]</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">[[tesla-tower-wardenclyffe-and-free-energy-myth| Tesla Tower Wardenclyffe]]</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">[[nikola-tesla-versus-thomas-edison-and-search-truth| Nikola Tesla versus Thomas Edison]]</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">[[george-westinghouse-used-tesla-power-defeat-edison-currents-war| George Westinghouse Currents War]]</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">[[who-invented-television-philo-farnsworth-versus-sarnoff-and-zworykin| Who invented Television: David Sarnoff and RCA versus Philo Farnsworth]]</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">[[early-television-technology-frequently-asked-questions| Frequently asked questions about television technology]]</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">[[when-was-internet-invented-and-who-invented-internet| When was internet invented? Who invented the internet?]]</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">[[why-was-internet-created-1957-sputnik-launches-arpa| Why was the internet created? 1957: Sputnik launches ARPA]]</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">[[geekhistory-explores-who-invented-radio| Geekhistory explores who invented radio]]</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">[[patent-wars-and-other-epic-battles-where-business-and-technology-mix| Epic battles where business and technology mix]]</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">**Top pages**</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">https://geekhistory.com/content/urban-legend-i-think-there-world-market-maybe-five-computers 69</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">https://geekhistory.com/content/tesla-tower-wardenclyffe-and-free-energy-myth 13</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">https://geekhistory.com/content/nikola-tesla-versus-thomas-edison-and-search-truth 10</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">https://geekhistory.com/content/george-westinghouse-used-tesla-power-defeat-edison-currents-war 8</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">https://geekhistory.com/content/who-invented-television-philo-farnsworth-versus-sarnoff-and-zworykin 7</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">https://geekhistory.com/content/early-television-technology-frequently-asked-questions 4</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">https://geekhistory.com/content/when-was-internet-invented-and-who-invented-internet 2</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">https://geekhistory.com/content/why-was-internet-created-1957-sputnik-launches-arpa 2</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">https://geekhistory.com/content/geekhistory-explores-who-invented-radio 2</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">https://geekhistory.com/content/patent-wars-and-other-epic-battles-where-business-and-technology-mix </td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Next section WIP:</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">[[anything-one-man-can-imagine-other-men-can-make-real| Greatest Geek Visionaries]]</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">  * https://geekhistory.com/content/anything-one-man-can-imagine-other-men-can-make-real</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">  * https://geekhistory.com/content/visionary</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">[[search-greatest-inventors-and-technology-innovators| In search of the greatest inventors and technology innovators]]</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">  * http://geekhistory.com/content/search-greatest-inventors-and-technology-innovators</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">  * https://geekhistory.com/content/inventors</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">[[patent-wars-and-other-epic-battles-where-business-and-technology-mix| Epic battles where business and technology mix]]  </td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">  * https://geekhistory.com/content/patent-wars-and-other-epic-battles-where-business-and-technology-mix</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">  * https://geekhistory.com/content/battles</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">[[who-invented-telephone| Who Invented Telephone]]</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">https://geekhistory.com/content/who-invented-telephone</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">https://geekhistory.com/content/mass-communications-and-telecommunications-computers</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">http://www.geekhistory.com/content/pittsburgh-forefront-technology-inventions-and-innovation   </td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">http://www.geekhistory.com/content/myths-and-legends-evil-villains-steve-jobs-and-thomas-edison</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">[[Gary Kildall Bio| The Forgotten Genius of Gary Kildall]]</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">[[Learn from Edison| There's a lot to learn from Thomas Edison. ]]</td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">[[Link Goes Here| Title Goes Here]]</td></tr>
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</table>cynic@undisclosed.example.com (cynic)Tue, 31 Mar 2026 18:37:40 +0000davincivisionary.jpg - created
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